The unusual growth of a lump or an abnormal mammogram in the breasts is known as the breast cancer. The cells can spread throughout the body with the help of lymph or blood vessels and also it can grow in other parts of the body. This state of breast cancer is known as metastasis. Breast cancer can be mainly seen in female than in male. So, when the male suffers from the disease it is serious and uncommon.
Transforming Healthcare
- Breast Cancer
- Causes of Breast Cancer
- Stages of Breast Cancer
- Treatment of Breast Cancer
- Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer
- Services of POC
The cause of the disease is still unknown but there are some predictions to why this disease occurs. Age is an important factor to consider in this case. If breast cancer develops in a woman, it happens right after the menopause. Consumption of alcohol, taller than the average women, obesity, exposure to radiation and cosmetic implantations are some other factors leading to breast cancer.
The result of physical examination and biopsy reports help in determining the stage of breast cancer. Chest x-rays, mammograms of both breasts, blood tests, MRI, CT scan are some of the other tests done before knowing the stage. The TNM system is the most commonly used system. Stages are.: Stage 0 -The time when the cancer cells are in the duct but has not spread to the deeper portion, i.e. the fatty breast tissue is stage 0. The Paget disease of the nipple also falls under this stage. Stage I-The growth of the tumor slowly occurs in the duct in this stage. Stage II-The cancer cells are found in the lymph nodes but it does not spread in distant areas. Since, the spread is narrow it can treated in this stage. Stage III-This is considered the advanced stage as the tumor spreads across the wall of the chest. The clear path of growing cells can also be determined. Stage IV-The cells of cancer in the breast move to the brain, liver, bones and lungs which marks the stage IV.
The treatment of breast cancer is done depending on how fast or slow, how big or small the tumor is. Also, the stage of the cancer is detected and further treatments mentioned which are suitable are performed such as local treatments, surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy and home therapy.
The drugs used are sent from the needle or orally. There are various factors that determine the use of chemotherapy. The stage and type of the cancer in the breast and the health factors help in detecting the successful cure after chemotherapy. There are several ways of performing chemotherapy, such as Adjuvant Chemotherapy which is performed after the surgery to kill the remaining or leftover cancer cells which cannot be seen is the adjuvant chemotherapy. It is very helpful as the chance of breast cancer returning back is very low. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is adopted before the surgery if the lump or tumor is too big for the surgery. It allows the tumor to shrink so that the surgery becomes much easier. Advanced breast chemotherapy which involves the therapy when the cancerous cells have spread to various other body parts. Depending on the way the patient can handle, it is performed
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Cancer: Need to know
There are more than 100 types of cancer. Some of the known types of cancer include prostate cancer, breast cancer, lung cancer, blood cancer, brain cancer, Melanoma etc. Cancer is an uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells found anywhere in the body. Symptoms may vary depending on the type of cancer and the most widely used treatment are called chemotherapy, radiation or surgery.
The uncontrolled abnormal cells may form lumps in the body. These cells are termed as malignant cells or tumor cells. These cells can easily access the normal body tissues. Infact these cancer cells will grow and spread in other parts of the body through blood and lymph system. The process is termed as metastatic spread.
Cancer: Types & Causes
Blood cancer, Lungs cancer, brain cancer, Lymphoma, Vaginal cancer, pancreatic cancer, Prostate cancer, Kidney cancer, liver cancer, Endometrial Leukemia (all types), Stomach cancer and Thyroid cancer etc. are the common types of cancer.
The human body is made up of trillion of cells. As a natural process these cells grow, divide and die. The process is controlled by DNA machinery within a cell. Whenever these cells started to grow abnormally they may become cancerous cells. Moreover, these cancerous cells do not die at all instead they grow and form new abnormal cells.
DNA is found in every cell, and it is responsible for the cells action such as the growth of a cell or death of a cell. Whenever the DNA is damaged in a normal cell, either the cell will die or repair on its own perhaps the process is different in case of cancer cells. In a Cancer cell the DNA will not get repaired and also it will not die, instead it will start producing new abnormal cells and moreover these new cells will also have the defected DNA in them.
Risk Factors for Cancer
According to World Health Organization (WHO), common risk factors for cancer include:
- Tobacco use
- Alcohol use
- Overweight and obesity
- Dietary factors, including insufficient fruit and vegetable intake
- Physical inactivity
- Chronic infections from helicobacter pylori, hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and some types of human papilloma virus (HPV)
- Environmental and occupational risks including ionizing and non-ionizing radiation
Cancer Treatment: Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy treatment can be used to cure cancer. It will slow the growth of cancer cells and may stop the growth rate in some cases. Moreover chemotherapy treatment can shrink the tumor present inside the affected part of the body. Chemotherapy treatment can kill fast growing cancer instantly. Infact the chemotherapy treatment can also slow the growth rate of the healthy cells present in the body which can cause side effects, such as mouth sores, nausea, and hair loss but the Side effects often get better after the Chemotherapy treatment.
Cancer – Treatment
There is a different treatment for each type of cancer. Moreover, the Cancer treatment depends on the cancer stage, patient’s health and age factor. There are different types of cancer treatment such as chemotherapy, surgical treatment, Radiation therapy, immunotherapy or hormone therapy. Sometimes people have a combination of therapies such as surgery with Chemotherapy or any other therapy.
Surgery: Treatment for Cancer
The most common treatment for cancer is surgery. A professional surgeon will operate the body and remove any cancer from the body. First of all an n anesthesia is injected into the affected part of the body which will cause loss of feeling or awareness of the patient. After that the surgeons will use small knifes called scalpels tor to cut the body and remove the cancer cells from the body. However it is not possible to remove the entire cancer cells. After the surgery, it will take some time for the patient to get fully recovered. Nowadays with the advance technology there are new ways to perfume the surgery without the use of scalpels. These include Cryosurgery, laser treatment and Photodynamic Therapy.